Research Funding Agencies 

1.  Government Agencies: 

   - National Science Foundation (NSF): In the United States, the NSF supports research in science and engineering.

   - National Institutes of Health (NIH): Provides funding for medical and healthcare research.

   - United States Department of Agriculture (USDA): Funds research related to agriculture, food, and natural resources.

   - European Research Council (ERC): Supports scientific excellence and innovation in Europe.

2.  Private Foundations: 

   - Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation: Focuses on global health, poverty alleviation, and education.

   - The Wellcome Trust: Supports biomedical research and public health initiatives.

   - Rockefeller Foundation: Funds projects in areas such as health, environment, and social change.

   - Ford Foundation: Concentrates on social justice, human welfare, and economic opportunity.

3.  Industry and Corporate Partners: 

   - Collaboration with companies in various industries, such as pharmaceuticals, technology, and automotive, for research and development projects.

   - Industry-specific associations or research consortia that fund research relevant to their sectors.

4.  International and Multilateral Organizations: 

   - The World Bank: Supports research related to global development and economics.

   - United Nations agencies: Such as UNESCO, UNICEF, and WHO, may fund research in areas within their respective mandates.

   - European Union (EU) research programs: Provide funding for collaborative research initiatives across Europe.

5.  Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs): 

   - The Gates Foundation, mentioned earlier, is one example. Various other NGOs focus on specific research areas, such as education, healthcare, or environmental conservation.

6.  Charitable Trusts: 

   - Charitable trusts and philanthropic organizations may provide funding for research projects aligned with their missions.

7.  Academic and Research Associations: 

   - Associations, societies, and organizations related to specific academic disciplines often provide research grants and awards to members.

8.  Regional and State Government Agencies: 

   - Many regions and states have their own research funding agencies to promote local research and innovation.

9.  Research Councils: 

   - In some countries, research councils are responsible for allocating government funding for research in various fields. Examples include the UK Research and Innovation (UKRI).

10.  Foundations Focused on Specific Issues: 

    - Some foundations are dedicated to particular issues, such as environmental conservation, climate change, or poverty reduction.

11.  Health Research Agencies: 

    - In addition to the NIH, many countries have their own health research agencies dedicated to funding medical and healthcare research.

12.  Arts and Humanities Funding Bodies: 

    - Some agencies focus on supporting research in arts, culture, and the humanities.

13.  Educational Organizations: 

    - Educational foundations may provide funding for research related to teaching and learning.